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(John) Brian Harley ( – ) was a geographer, cartographer, and map historian at the universities of Birmingham, Liverpool, Exeter and Wisconsin–Milwaukee. He helped found the History of Cartography Project and is the founding co-editor of the resulting (The History of Cartography ). In recent years, Harley's work has gained broad prominence among geographers and social theorists, and it has contributed greatly to the emerging discipline of critical cartography.〔Matthew H. Edney, ''The Origins and Development of J. B. Harley's Cartographic Theories'', Cartographica Monograph 54, ''Cartographica'' 40, nos. 1 & 2 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005)〕 ==Biography== Harley was born in Ashley, Gloucestershire. From 1943 to 1950 he attended Brewood Grammar School near Wolverhampton. After national service Harley gained a place at Birmingham University in 1952. After gaining his Dip Ed from University College, Oxford in 1956, he returned to Birmingham, gaining a PhD in 1960 for work on the historical geography of medieval Warwickshire.〔Paul Laxton, ''Harley, (John) Brian (1932–1991)'', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004〕 Harley married Amy Doreen in 1957. He began teaching at Queensbridge School, Moseley, but was offered an assistant lecturership in geography at Liverpool University and took up the post in January 1959. In Liverpool Harley turned to the history of cartography, producing ''Christopher Greenwood, County Map-Maker'' (1962). In 1969 Harley resigned from Liverpool to become an editor with publishers David and Charles in Newton Abbot. Harley commissioned a number of works, but by March 1970 he was appointed as a lecturer at the University of Exeter, becoming Montefiore Reader in 1972. In 1972, he published ''Maps for the local historian'' which introduced the use of maps to many amateur historians. His main focus at Exeter was the history of the Ordnance Survey. He produced notes for the David and Charles reprints of the first edition one-inch maps, wrote ''Ordnance Survey Maps: a Descriptive Manual'' (1975), and a substantial part of the official history of the Ordnance Survey (1978). From the 1970s Harley turned to a philosophical view of maps. In 1985 he was awarded a DLitt by the University of Birmingham. Harley served on the council of the Institute of British Geographers (1971–74). But despite his academic distinction, he didn't secure promotion in Britain. After the death of his wife and son, Harley relocated to the United States in 1986, when he was appointed professor of geography at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. Here he worked on the multi-volume ''History of Cartography'' with David Woodward. He was also involved in controversies over the Columbus celebrations, writing ''Maps and the Columbian Encounter'' (1990), and was due to give twelve public lectures on the topic in 1992. Harley died suddenly of a heart attack on 20 December 1991. He was cremated in Milwaukee, and his ashes were interred at Newton Abbot, Devon. Shortly before he died he proposed a new book combining a selection of essays, eventually published in 2001 as ''The New Nature of Maps'' (ed. P. Laxton). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Brian Harley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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